Drivers and Barriers to FinTech–PropTech Adoption Among Real Estate Stakeholders in Abuja, Nigeria: A Systematic Review

Abstract

It is a synthesis of literature that explores the major drivers and impediments that inform the adoption of FinTech-PropTech by real estate stakeholders in Abuja, Nigeria, and visualizes how these factors differ: between developers, agents, banks, regulators, and between buyers/ tenants. Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, and SSRN (2014 - 2026) were used as sources to complete a PRISMA-directed systematic review. The screening of records by title/abstract and full-text eligibility was done by using predefined inclusion criteria. The quality of the studies was assessed with the help of MMAT, and the synthesis of the results was performed with the help of the thematic and narrative synthesis organised in accordance with the Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) framework. A search was conducted that found 539 records (512 database; 27 manual), 55 of which passed the screening to include in the search. Its key driving forces were considered to be usefulness and efficiency (faster transactions, ability to automate processes), transparency and trust aspects (verification and traceability), access to finance and digital payments, competitive pressure and customer demand, and supportive ecosystem indicators. Infrastructure limitations (internet/power availability), cost/ROI imprecision, cybersecurity and privacy, skill deficit and change reluctance, and law/regulatory weaknesses associated with land management and compliance transparency were the most uniform obstacles. The patterns of stakeholders show that developers and agents are more cost and infrastructure-bound, and banks and regulators are more concerned about compliance and risks associated with policy. The use of FinTech-PropTech in Abuja is an opportunity-based initiative with institutional limitations. Specific capacity building, infrastructure upgrading, and more definitive governance of digital property are needed to make adoption of it secure, scalable, and inclusive.